The Cognitive Test Anxiety Scale – Short Form is a 17 – item revision to the original Cognitive Test Anxiety Scale (CTAS). Psychometric analyses of the original CTAS revealed that the inclusion of reverse-coded items produced an unintended factor (Test Confidence). Therefore, the Cognitive Test Anxiety Scale – Short Form was created by removing reverse-coded items from the original instrument in an attempt to create a more parsimonious measure of cognitive test anxiety.

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